Insurance

Insurance Introduction
Life is full of risks and accidents. People are at risk for getting injured when playing sports, riding in a car, or living in a house. Risk is uncertainty about a situation’s outcome. Risk can be unpredictable events which lead to loss or damage. Insurance is an arrangement between an individual (consumer) and an insurer (insurance company) to protect the individual against risk. Insurance plays a large role in most individual’s financial management plans.


Premium—the fee paid to the insurer to be covered under the specified terms.

Deductible—the amount paid out of pocket by the policy holder for the initial portion of a loss before the
insurance coverage begins.

Policyholder—the consumer who purchased the policy


1. Liability insurance—covers the insured if injuries or damages are caused to other people or their property; it is the minimum amount of insurance required by law for automobiles.

2. Medical payment insurance—covers injuries sustained by the driver of the insured vehicle or any passenger regardless of fault; also covers insured family members injured as passengers in any car or if they are injured while on foot as a pedestrian or while riding a bicycle.

3. Uninsured or underinsured motorists insurance—covers injury or damage to the driver, passengers, or the vehicle caused by a driver with insufficient insurance.

4. Physical damage insurance—covers damages caused to the vehicle; two optional forms of coverage are available

Networking

Networking is the practice of linking two or more computing devices together for the purpose of sharing data.

Networks can be categorized in several different ways. One approach defines the type of network according to the geographic area it spans. Local area networks (LANs), for example, typically reach across a single home, whereas wide area networks (WANs), reach across cities, states, or even across the world. The Internet is the world's largest public WAN.

Network Design

Computer networks also differ in their design. The two types of high-level network design are called client-server and peer-to-peer. Client-server networks feature centralized server computers that store email, Web pages, files and or applications. On a peer-to-peer network, conversely, all computers tend to support the same functions. Client-server networks are much more common in business and peer-to-peer networks much more common in homes.

A network topology represents its layout or structure from the point of view of data flow. In so-called bus networks, for example, all of the computers share and communicate across one common conduit, whereas in a star network, all data flows through one centralized device. Common types of network topologies include bus, star, ring and mesh.

Network Protocols

In networking, the communication language used by computer devices is called the protocol. Yet another way to classify computer networks is by the set of protocols they support. Networks often implement multiple protocols to support specific applications. Popular protocols include TCP/IP, the most common protocol found on the Internet and in home networks.

Wired vs Wireless Networking

Many of the same network protocols, like TCP/IP, work in both wired and wireless networks. Networks with Ethernet cables predominated in businesses, schools, and homes for several decades. Recently, however, wireless networking alternatives have emerged as the premier technology for building new computer networks.